Made in USA · ≥99% HPLC
Cellular Coenzyme
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NAD+ (500mg & 1000mg)
β-NAD+Coenzyme INicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide — the dinucleotide coenzyme central to redox metabolism — supplied lyophilized for in-vitro biochemistry research.
Price range: $89.95 through $149.95
In stock
For laboratory and research use only. Not for human consumption.
This product is not a drug, food or cosmetic. It is sold exclusively to qualified researchers and licensed laboratories.
Tested by Freedom Diagnostics TestingHPLC purity + LC-MS identityLot-matched COA on-site
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Verified COA
Batch-tested & posted · Freedom Diagnostics
Purity (HPLC-UV)99.895%
Identity (LC-MS)Confirmed
Net content457.58 mg
ReportedApr 7, 2026
US-synthesizedMade & lab-released in the United States
Independent COAThird-party Certificate of Analysis per lot
HPLC + LC-MSPurity by HPLC, identity by mass spectrometry
Same-day dispatchOrders before 2 PM CT ship the same business day
What is NAD+?
NAD+ (β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a dinucleotide coenzyme — not a peptide — that sits at the center of cellular redox metabolism. Built from a nicotinamide nucleotide joined to an adenine nucleotide, it cycles between its oxidized form (NAD+) and reduced form (NADH) to shuttle electrons between metabolic reactions. In this role it is the universal electron acceptor for the dehydrogenase enzymes of glycolysis, the citric-acid cycle, β-oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation.
Beyond redox chemistry, NAD+ is also consumed as a substrate by a family of NAD+-cleaving enzymes — the sirtuins (SIRT1–SIRT7), the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP1, PARP2), and the glycohydrolases CD38 and CD157. Research areas where laboratories buy NAD+ for in vitro work include dehydrogenase enzyme kinetics read via the 340 nm NAD+/NADH absorbance shift, sirtuin and PARP activity assays, cell-culture redox studies measuring the NAD+/NADH ratio, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and comparative studies of NAD+ versus its precursors (NMN, NR, niacin) in cell models.
Every lot, independently verified
Independently third-party tested and matched to the lot ID printed on your vial. Values below are from the latest released lot.
99.95%
HPLC-UV Purity
Passed full QC panel
Independent third-party lab (Freedom Diagnostics Testing)
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Latest batch · tested 23 Dec 2025 · Freedom Diagnostics (USA)
Lot details
ProductNAD+ 1000 mg
Lot25092401
AppearanceWhite lyophilized powder
Accession #2512220125
Reported23 Dec 2025
Full QC panel · third-party lab7 assays
Purity (HPLC-UV)99.952% ✓
Identity (LC-MS)NAD+ ✓
HPLC conformity (2×)Confirmed ✓
Net content888.08 mg ✓
Heavy metals (ICP-MS)Not Detected ✓
SterilityNo Growth ✓
Endotoxin (USP <85>)Within limits ✓
Every lot is released against Koi's full QC panel — HPLC purity, LC-MS identity, net content, heavy metals, sterility, and endotoxin — by an independent third-party laboratory (Freedom Diagnostics Testing). Values shown are from the latest released lot (Lot 25092401, reported 23 Dec 2025) and vary batch to batch; the lot-specific certificate is published in our public COA library and matched to the lot ID printed on the vial.
Browse full COA library →
Compound information
Chemical & structural reference data — specifications, molecular profile and handling.
Product Specifications
CompoundNAD+ (β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, dinucleotide coenzyme)
Vial size500 mg & 1000 mg
Purity≥99% by HPLC
Identity confirmationMass spectrometry
FormWhite to off-white powder
Appearance in solutionClear, colorless solution
ManufacturingManufactured and lyophilized in the United States
Quality testingIndependent third-party laboratory release (Freedom Diagnostics Testing)
Molecular Profile
Chemical nameβ-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Molecular formulaC21H27N7O14P2
Molecular weight663.43 g/mol
CAS number53-84-9
PubChem CID925
Other namesβ-NAD+ · Coenzyme I · DPN+
Structure classDinucleotide coenzyme · free acid
Storage & Handling
AppearanceWhite to off-white powder
SolubilityWater / PBS / Tris · neutral pH
Storage · powder−20 °C, desiccated, dark (−80 °C long-term)
In solutionUse same day; avoid alkaline buffers
NAD+ Mechanism of Action
- Accepts a hydride (H−) at the C4 position of the nicotinamide ring to convert NAD+ to NADH — the central two-electron transfer step in cellular redox chemistry.
- Acts as the cofactor for dehydrogenase enzymes in glycolysis, the citric-acid cycle, β-oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation.
- Functions as a substrate for sirtuins (SIRT1–SIRT7), coupling deacylation of histone and protein lysines to NAD+ cleavage and nicotinamide release.
- Serves as the ADP-ribose donor for PARP1 and PARP2 in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase reactions on damaged DNA strands.
- Provides the substrate for CD38, CD157, and SARM1 — NAD+-cleaving enzymes in calcium signaling, immune activity, and axon-degeneration pathways.
- Sits at the head of a salvage pathway in which nicotinamide is recycled back into NAD+ via NMN through the NAMPT/NMNAT cascade.
NAD+ Research Applications
- Dehydrogenase enzyme kinetics using NAD+ as the electron acceptor, read directly via the 340 nm absorbance shift between NAD+ and NADH.
- Sirtuin (SIRT1–SIRT7) activity assays, where NAD+ is the co-substrate and nicotinamide release is quantified.
- PARP enzyme activity profiling in DNA-damage-response models, with NAD+ as the ADP-ribose donor.
- Cell-culture redox studies measuring the NAD+/NADH ratio across metabolic states using biosensors or mass spectrometry.
- Mitochondrial bioenergetics — how NAD+ availability influences electron-transport-chain flux, oxygen consumption, and ATP synthesis.
- Comparative studies of NAD+ versus its precursors (NMN, NR, niacin) across cell types.
Why Buy NAD+ from Koi Peptides?
- Every batch of Koi NAD+ is manufactured and lyophilized in the United States, then released against independent third-party laboratory (Freedom Diagnostics Testing) testing.
- Each lot is tested by HPLC for purity, LC-MS for identity confirmation, and screened for endotoxin before release.
- The lot ID is printed on every vial and ties back to a public COA library, so researchers can verify documentation before they buy and after the vial arrives.
- Orders placed before 2 PM CT ship the same business day, and shipping is free on orders over $200.
References
The biochemistry and metabolism research behind NAD+ — cited for scientific context.
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
NAD+ metabolism in health and disease
Analytical Biochemistry
An improved cycling assay for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Molecular Cell
Biology of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases
View all 4 references +
- Belenky, P., et al. (2007). NAD+ metabolism in health and disease. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 32(1), 12–19. doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2006.11.006
- Bernofsky, C., & Swan, M. (1973). An improved cycling assay for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Analytical Biochemistry, 53(2), 452–458. doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(73)90094-8
- Bai, P. (2015). Biology of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. Molecular Cell, 58(6), 947–958. doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2015.01.034
- Cambronne, X. A., et al. (2016). Biosensor reveals multiple sources for mitochondrial NAD+. Science, 352(6292), 1474–1477. doi.org/10.1126/science.aad5168
Regulatory Status
Regulatory status — provided for research context.
Regulatory Status
Regulatory status — provided for research context.
FDA Status
NAD+ is not an FDA-approved drug for any indication. The research-grade material supplied by Koi Peptides is provided for laboratory research only; it is not formulated, packaged or labeled as a drug, food or cosmetic.
Disclaimer
For laboratory and research use only. Not for human consumption. This product is not a drug, food or cosmetic. It is sold exclusively to qualified researchers and licensed laboratories. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Frequently Asked Questions About NAD+
What is NAD+ used for in research?+
It serves as the reference cofactor in dehydrogenase enzyme kinetics, as a substrate in sirtuin and PARP enzyme profiling, and as a reference standard in redox biosensor and metabolomics studies. The 340 nm absorbance shift between NAD+ and NADH is the historical basis for measuring dehydrogenase activity.
NAD+ is not a peptide. Why does Koi carry it?+
Koi supplies a broader range of research compounds beyond peptides — including nucleotide coenzymes and reference materials used in the same biochemistry, pharmacology, and cellular-metabolism labs. NAD+ appears routinely as the coenzyme in sirtuin assays, PARP work, redox studies, and mitochondrial bioenergetics.
What purity is Koi's NAD+?+
Koi NAD+ is ≥99% pure by HPLC, with identity confirmed by mass spectrometry — the latest lot tested 99.95%. Every lot is released against third-party testing for HPLC purity, LC-MS identity, net content, heavy metals, sterility, and endotoxin, with a public lot-matched COA.
What is the difference between NAD+, NADH, NMN, and NR?+
NAD+ is the oxidized form; NADH the reduced form. NMN and NR are precursors in the salvage pathway: NR → NMN (NR kinase), NMN → NAD+ (NMNAT). Labs often compare NAD+ with its precursors in cell models to separate uptake-limited from synthesis-limited effects.
What is the CAS number for NAD+?+
The CAS number for NAD+ is 53-84-9, and the PubChem CID is 925. It is β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (molecular formula C21H27N7O14P2, molecular weight 663.43 g/mol), also cataloged as β-NAD+, Coenzyme I, or DPN+.
How do I prepare and store NAD+ solutions?+
Use sterile water, PBS, or a Tris buffer at slightly acidic to neutral pH; avoid alkaline buffers. Hold powder at −20 °C (−80 °C long-term), desiccated and dark. Use solutions the same day where possible and limit freeze-thaw to two or fewer — NAD+ is highly hygroscopic.
Is NAD+ for human use?+
No. NAD+ is for laboratory and research use only and is not for human consumption. It is sold exclusively to qualified researchers and licensed laboratories.
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